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Cancer Res 43: 6077-9 (1983)[84055110]
Hepatitis, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and
hepatocellular carcinoma in Los Angeles
M. C. Yu, T. Mack, R. Hanisch, R. L. Peters, B. E. Henderson
& M. C. Pike
Seventy-eight black patients and white patients with primary
hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC), 70 years or younger at diagnosis,
and 78 age-, sex-, and race-matched neighborhood controls were
interviewed. Information sought included usual dietary and drinking
habits, cigarette smoking habits, prior medical conditions
including a history of hepatitis, prior exposure to blood products,
and occupational history. Cigarette smoking was a risk factor for
PHC; the relative risk (RR) for current smokers of more than one
pack/day compared to nonsmokers was 2.6. Alcohol consumption was
also a significant risk factor for PHC; individuals who drank 80 g
or more of ethanol per day had a RR of 4.2 compared to those
drinking less than 10 g/day. In addition, a history of hepatitis
(RR = 13.0) and a history of blood transfusions (RR = 7.0) were
significant risk factors for PHC. Each of these factors remained
significant after adjustment was made for the others.
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