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Drugs That May Cause Liver Dysfunction or Damage
The liver is the principal organ that is capable of converting
drugs into forms that can be readily eliminated from the body.
Given the diversity in use today and the complex burden they impose
upon the liver, it is not surprising that a broad spectrum of
adverse drugs effects on liver functions and structures has been
documented. The reactions range from mild and transient changes in
the results of liver function tests to complete liver failure with
death of the host. Many drugs may affect the liver adversely in
more than one way, as cited below in several listings. The use of
the following drugs requires careful monitoring of their effects on
the liver during the entire course of treatment.
Drugs that may cause ACUTE DOSE-DEPENDENT LIVER DAMAGE (resembling acute
viral hepatitis)
acetaminophen salicylates (doses over 2 grams daily)
Drugs that may cause ACUTE DOSE-INDEPENDENT LIVER DAMAGE (resembling acute
viral hepatitis)
acebutolol indomethacin phenylbutazone
allopurinol isoniazid phenytoin
atenolol ketoconazole piroxicam
carbamazepine labetalol probenecid
cimetidine maprotiline pyrazinamide
dantrolene metoprolol quinidine
diclofenac mianserin quinine
diltiazem naproxen ranitidine
enflurane para-aminosalicylic acid sulfonamides
ethambutol penicillins sulindac
ethionamide phenelzine tricyclic antidepressants
halothane phenindione valproic acid
ibuprofen phenobarbital verapamil
Drugs that may cause ACUTE FATTY INFILTRATION OF THE LIVER
adrenocortical steroids phenothiazines sulfonamides
antithyroid drugs phenytoin tetracyclines
isoniazid salicylates valproic acid
methotrexate
Drugs that may cause CHOLESTATIC JAUNDICE
actinomycin D chlorpropamide erythromycin
amoxicillin/clavulanate cloxacillin flecainide
azathioprine cyclophosphamide flurazepam
captopril cyclosporine flutamide
carbamazepine danazol glyburide
carbimazole diazepam gold
cephalosporins disopyramide griseofulvin
chlordiazepoxide enalapril haloperidol
ketoconazole norethandrolone sulfonamides
mercaptopurine oral contraceptives tamoxifen
methyltestosterone oxacillin thiabendazole
nifedipine penicillamine tolbutamide
nitrofurantoin phenothiazines tricyclic antidepressants
nonsteroidal phenytoin troleandomycin
anti-inflammatory drugs propoxyphene verapamil
Drugs that may cause LIVER GRANULOMAS (chronic inflammatory nodules)
allopurinol gold phenytoin
aspirin hydralazine procainamide
carbamazepine isoniazid quinidine
chlorpromazine nitrofurantoin sulfonamides
diltiazem penicillin tolbutamide
disopyramide phenylbutazone
Drugs that may cause CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE
Drugs that may cause active chronic hepatitis
acetaminophen (chronic use, large doses)
dantrolene methyldopa
isoniazid nitrofurantoin
Drugs that may cause liver cirrhosis or fibrosis (scarring)
methotrexate nicotinic acid
Drugs that may cause chronic cholestasis (resembling primary biliary
cirrhosis)
chlorpromazine/valproic acid (combination
imipramine thiabendazole
phenothiazines tolbutamide
chlorpropamide/erythro-mycin (combination)
phenytoin
Drugs that may cause LIVER TUMORS (benign and malignant)
anabolic steroids oral contraceptives thorotrast
danazol testosterone
Drugs that may cause DAMAGE TO LIVER BLOOD VESSELS
adriamycin dacarbazine thioquanine
anabolic steroids mercaptopurine vincristine
azathioprine methotrexate vitamin A (excessive doses)
carmustine mitomycin
cyclophosphamide/cyclo-sporine (combination)
oral contraceptives
SOURCE: The Essential Guide to Prescription Drugs, 1994
Edition, by James W. Long and James J. Rybacki. ISBN
0-06-273211-0
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